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    ----Basic but important functions
    --ROW_NUMBER()
    --RANK()
    --DENSE_RANK()
    --NTILE()

    --ROW_NUMBER() --Returns a sequential row number with in partition of result set
    use Northwind;
    SELECT ROW_NUMBER() over(order by productid) as [Row No.], ProductName from Products;

    ----Getting alternate rows
    ------Odd Row
    select * from (SELECT ROW_NUMBER() over(order by productid) as [Row No.], ProductName from Products) p where p.[Row No.]%2=1;
    ------Even Row
    select * from (SELECT ROW_NUMBER() over(order by productid) as [Row No.], ProductName from Products) p where p.[Row No.]%2=0;
    ------Row Between
    select * from (SELECT ROW_NUMBER() over(order by productid) as [Row No.], ProductName from Products) p where p.[Row No.]
    Between 5 and 10;

    ------ With CTE (commmon type expression)
    with result_with_row_no([Row No.],ProductName)
    as
    (SELECT ROW_NUMBER() over(order by productid) as [Row No.], ProductName from Products)
    select * from result_with_row_no where [Row No.]%2=1;

    ------ RANK() --Returns the rank of each row within the partition of a result set
    select ProductID,COUNT(OrderID) [Number sold], RANK() OVER(order by count(orderid)) [Ranking] from [Order Details]
    group by ProductID order by ranking,[Number sold];

    ------ DENSE_RANK() ----Returns the rank of each row within the partition of a result set without gap;
    select ProductID,COUNT(OrderID) [Number sold], DENSE_RANK() OVER(order by count(orderid)) [Ranking] from [Order Details]
    group by ProductID order by ranking,[Number sold];

    ----- Complex Example -- getting product total quantity sale with group category and rank by sale
    with sale_detail(CatID,ProdID,Prod_Name,Sale)
    as
    (
    select CategoryID,p.ProductID, p.ProductName, COUNT(o.productid) as [Sale] from Products p,[Order Details] o
    where p.ProductID=o.ProductID group by CategoryID,p.ProductID,p.ProductName
    )
    select catid,prodid,prod_name,sale,RANK() over (partition by catid order by sale desc) [Ranking]
     from sale_detail order by catid,ranking;

    ----- NTILE --Distributes the rows in an ordered partition into a specified number of groups.
    with sale_detail(CatID,ProdID,Prod_Name,Sale)
    as
    (
    select CategoryID,p.ProductID, p.ProductName, COUNT(o.productid) as [Sale] from Products p,[Order Details] o
    where p.ProductID=o.ProductID group by CategoryID,p.ProductID,p.ProductName
    )
    select catid,prodid,prod_name,sale,NTILE(4) over (partition by catid order by prodid desc) [Ranking]
     from sale_detail order by catid,ranking;

    ----- Customer with order count
    select CustomerID,COUNT(OrderID) [Count] from orders group by CustomerID order by Count desc;


    ----- Customer with nth highest count
    Declare @n int;
    set @n=1;
    with cust_count(customeid,count)
    as
    (select CustomerID,COUNT(OrderID) [Count] from orders group by CustomerID
    )
    select * from cust_count c1 where (@n-1)=(select count(*) from cust_count c2 where c2.count>c1.count);

    ----- Product Total sale, Max order, Percentage to total sale
    with totv(productid,maxsale,total)
    as
    (
    select e.ProductID,e.maxsale,e.total from (select Productid,SUM(quantity) total,MAX(quantity) as maxsale from [Order Details] group by ProductID) e
    )
    select productid,maxsale,total,convert(float, (convert(money,total)/(select SUM(total) from totv)*100)) [percentage sale] from totv


    ----- nth Highest salary problem
    Use Employee;

    declare @n int;
    set @n=1;
    Select e1.* from tbemp e1 where (@n-1)=(Select COUNT(*) from tbemp e2 where e2.empsal>e1.empsal);


    ----- No. of Employee in department
    Select depnam,COUNT(empno) [No of employee] from tbdep inner join tbemp on depcod=empdepcod group by depnam;

    ----- No. of employee in department
    select depnam,COUNT(empno) [No. of employee] from tbdep left outer join tbemp on depcod=empdepcod group by depnam;

    ----- City Case
    Select empnam,case empcity
                    when 'Chandigarh' then 'Tricity'
                    when 'Panchkula' then 'Tricity'
                    When 'Mohali' then 'Tricity'
                    else empcity
                    end [City] from tbemp;

    ----- Get duplicate entries
    select * from tbemp e1 where e1.empno!=(select MAX(empno) from tbemp e2 where e1.empnam=e2.empnam);

    Click to download Query File

    Click here to Download Employee database script



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